• Ahimsa - nonviolence
  • Amita, Amitabha - Buddha associated with Ching-tu (the Pure Land)
  • Anatta, Anatman - Buddhist doctrine of No-self
  • Atman - Ultimate or True self, believed in Hinduism to be identical to Brahman
  • Bodhi - Enlightenment
  • Bodhicitta - "Mind of enlightenment"; altruistic attitude to achieve enlightenment for the sake of all sentient beings
  • Bodhisattva - Enlightened being who remains in the world to help others
  • Buddha - An enlightened being; "one who woke up"
  • Ching-tu - School of Chinese Buddhism that emphasizes devotion to Amitabha Buddha as a means to rebirth in the Pure Land
  • Citta - mind or mental state
  • Conventional/Provisional vs. Ultimate/Instrinsic (Being, Existence, Truth, etc.) - Distinction, associated with the Madhyamika school, between two levels/types of being, truth, etc.
  • Dependent Origination (Pratitya samutpada) - Buddhist teaching, associated with the Madhyamika school, of the interconnectedness of all things
  • Dharma - truth, virtue
  • Dukkha - suffering
  • Eightfold Path - Buddhist practice designed to lead to enlightenment: right knowledge, intention, speech, action, livelihood, effort, mindfulness, and meditation.
  • Five Precepts - Buddhist ethical precepts: do not harm, steal, lie, engage in improper sexual behavior, or use intoxicants
  • Four Noble Truths - 1) Life is dukkha, 2) Dukkha is caused by tanha, 3) Tanha can be overcome by developing karuna, and 4) Karuna can be developed by following the Eightfold Path.
  • Four Passing Sights - Sickness, Old Age, Death, and Religion (in the form of a Brahmin priest)
  • Four Seals - 1) impermanence, 2) Dukkha is the mark of conditioned existence, 3) emptiness/selflessness, and 4) Nirvana is true peace.
  • Guarding the doors - According to Buddhism, we can err in our actions, our speech, and our thoughts. Accordingly, morality requires guarding the three doors of body, speech, and mind.
  • Hinayana - Theravada Buddhism: "The little vessel". Cf. Mahayana.
  • Impermanence - Buddhist doctrine concerning the transient nature of reality
  • Karma - Action and the consequences of action; a connective principle between the things one does and the events and circumstances of one's (future) life
  • Karuna - Compassion
  • Madhyamika - "The Middle Way"; philosophical system associated with Nagarjuna
  • Mahayana - Form of Buddhism, prevalent in Tibet and East Asia, that emphasizes compassion and the desire to bring all beings to enlightenment: "The large vessel".
  • Mandala - Physical or pictorial representation of "reality" (in a manner that would not normally be available to one's senses), often used as focus for meditation.
  • Nagarjuna - 2nd century AD, typically regarded as the founder of the Madhyamika school of Buddhism
  • Nirvana - Ultimate release from all suffering, including the samsaric cycle of birth, death, and rebirth
  • Samsara - Cycle of repeated birth, death, and rebirth
  • Sangha - Buddhist community of monks and nuns
  • Shakyamuni - The historical Buddha: Sage (muni) of the Shakya clan.
  • Shunyata, Sunyata - Buddhist doctrine of emptiness associated with the Madhyamika school.
  • Siddhartha Gautama - The historical Buddha, 6th century BCE.
  • Sutra, sutta - Scripture
  • Tanha - Self-regarding desire
  • Theravada - "Tradition of the Elders", cf. Hinayana and Mahayana.
  • Three Jewels - Buddha, Dharma, and Sangha
  • Three Higher Trainings - Insight/wisdom, concentration, and morality/ethics

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